{"id":83616,"date":"2017-08-01T14:48:00","date_gmt":"2017-08-01T07:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.medion.co.id\/?p=83616"},"modified":"2025-11-03T09:57:44","modified_gmt":"2025-11-03T02:57:44","slug":"strategi-melewati-masa-kritis-broiler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.medion.co.id\/en\/info-medion\/strategies-past-the-critical-broiler-period\/","title":{"rendered":"Strategies Past The Critical Broiler Period"},"content":{"rendered":"

The evolution of the human genome (broiler<\/em>) in line with the genetic quality improvements made by experts. The main purpose of raising chickens broiler<\/em> is to produce meat. Therefore, experts continue to develop chicken strains that result in the production of quality meat with a high level of feed efficiency. This genetic improvement also results in morphological changes, among others:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Faster growth<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Poultry\u00a0broiler<\/em>\u00a0can reach a weight of 2.191 g within 35 days (Cobb 500 Broiler Performance & Nutrition Suplement, 2015<\/em>). From year to year the growth is getting faster and more efficient in converting feed into meat (FCR). Even if the maintenance management is implemented very well, it is not impossible when the performance of chickens\u00a0broiler<\/em>\u00a0obtained exceeds the performance standards set by the breeding company\/\u00a0breeder<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Bigger breast meat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Geneticists are constantly trying to optimize the growth of meat in the breast. But it has an impact, currently chicken\u00a0broiler<\/em>\u00a0becomes more stooped and the movement activity is slight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Fewer feathers<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

In the formation of feathers, a sufficient amount of nutrients is required. With fewer feathers, the utilization of feed for weight growth will be much more optimal. However, chickens will become more sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity of the environment. So that controlling the temperature and humidity of the cage should be routinely carried out regularly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    Genetic potential will be optimal if supported by environmental factors that are in accordance with the conditions of growth and development of the chicken. This development is not without constraints, despite the relatively short maintenance time. Of course, it must be anticipated from the beginning of the maintenance of chickens, especially during critical periods of maintenance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Critical Period Of Chickens Broiler Management<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Critical period of chickens broiler<\/em> this is a time when chickens are growing rapidly. The critical period occurs in the first 2 weeks of keeping chickens. You could say also during the brood of chicks or future brooding period,<\/em>. Like a newborn baby, usually will be treated in a special room for more intensive supervision, sometimes even need to be treated in the incubator room to get warmer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Likewise, in chickens that are in a critical period, should be given monitor<\/em> more so that growth is optimal. Why is it important? Because at this time the digestive system and the immune system are not yet perfect and are not ready for environmental changes. In this period, there will be a process of cell multiplication (hyperplasia) for the development of vital organs and systems of chicks, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    a. Immune system<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Immunity that plays a role at this time there are 2 namely passive and active immunity. In the case of a chicken, the egg yolk is transferred from the egg to the egg yolk (maternal immunity<\/em>\/ maternal antibodies). Therefore, the absorption of the remaining yolk should take place quickly and completely. While active immunity is produced from the administration of vaccines (vaccinations) and field viral infections.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    In the field, maternal antibodies will not survive for a long period of time and will decrease (decrease) levels periodically. Given the challenge of disease seeds around chickens is relatively high, then we need to vaccinate periodically. Vaccination must be done precisely (right vaccine, right dose, right application, and right time) in order to succeed in optimally bluffing antibodies\/immunity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    b. Digestion<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    While still in the hatching machine, the digestive organs of the chicks are anatomically underdeveloped and functional. As soon as the chicks hatch, these digestive organs, especially the proventriculus,\u00a0gizzard<\/em>\/ gizzards, and intestines, will undergo changes in morphology (increase in size\/ diameter and length) and physiology (digestive enzymes begin to be produced).The digestive organs develop rapidly on the 4th to 6th day, and begin to decline on the 10th day (Noy and Sklan, 1997). The development of the size of the digestive organs and these enzymes will later affect the metabolic processes and absorption of feed nutrients. In order for the digestive organs to develop quickly, this is where the importance of ensuring\u00a0feed<\/em>\u00a0intake<\/em>\u00a0chicks are reached maximum from the first day\u00a0chick in<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    c. Thermoregulation system (regulation of body temperature)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Chicks can not regulate their body temperature the first 5 days of rearing (are\u00a0poikilotermic<\/em>) until the age of 14 days is not fully able to regulate body temperature. In other words, the body temperature of the chicks is strongly influenced by the ambient temperature. Therefore, the temperature of the cage must always be observed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    d. Body skeleton (bones) and feathers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    The skeleton of the Chick's body develops with age. This skeletal development includes the gain of bone mass, thickness, and length. The formation of an optimal body frame will be able to support rapid weight growth and suppress rejection caused by paralysis or disability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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      Frequently encountered problems<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Discussion about the critical period of chicken rearing broiler<\/em> indeed, there will be no end, the facts in the field show that maintenance management factors play an important role in producing chicken performance. However, sometimes farmers do not realize this, so they sometimes neglect to keep the chickens in comfortable conditions for growth. Among them are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      a. The building is not yet ready for demolition (chick in<\/em>)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      This condition can occur especially if the rest period (empty cage) is short, so the farmer has not had time to clean the cage or equipment thoroughly. If this happens, it can cause the DOC does not immediately get a comfortable place to live.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      b. The brood Cage is too dense<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      For reasons of efficiency, the brood Cage is filled with a number of chickens that exceed capacity, so this can cause competition in getting food, drink and clean air between chickens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      c. Curtain management errors<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      For reasons of fear of cold in the future\u00a0brooding period,<\/em>, usually the cage curtain will be completely closed with the aim that the heat from\u00a0brooder<\/em>\u00a0focused. This can affect the smooth circulation of clean and dirty air and even become a trigger factor for infectious diseases such as respiratory diseases. Chickens will also suffer\u00a0panting<\/em>\u00a0(gasps) because of the content O2\u00a0<\/sub>reduced. Coupled with management\u00a0litter<\/em>\u00a0which is less good, for example too moist or dry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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        d. Cold chicken<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        The cold conditions themselves are usually the result of breeders too efficient heating, so that the heating capacity that should be for 1,000 heads is used more than 1,000 heads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        e. Do not recheck the cage<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        Farmers will know the growth and development of chicks if diligently check the condition of the chicks, whether the heater is enough, whether\u00a0feed intake<\/em>\u00a0log in, etc. But sometimes things like this are still underestimated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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          Forming Quality Meat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          How can the critical period in chickens be passed properly? So that the target we expect, chickens can grow optimally can be achieved. There are 5 important points that we must pay attention to, namely:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          a. Management\u00a0brooding period,<\/em>\u00a0optimal<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          Critical period or period\u00a0brooding period,\u00a0<\/em>occurs in chickens aged 0-2 weeks. Failure of chicken keeping\u00a0broiler<\/em>\u00a0on time\u00a0brooding period,<\/em>\u00a0will complicate the achievement of chicken productivity in the next phase of rearing. To prepare\u00a0brooding phase<\/em>\u00a0good, then the breeder needs to prepare a clean and comfortable cage before\u00a0chick in.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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            The cleanliness of the cage has a very big influence on the health and performance of chickens. When the cage conditions are dirty, the concentration of disease seeds is still high so that the chances of chickens getting the disease are greater. Conversely, when the cage conditions are clean and have been disinfected, the concentration of disease seeds will decrease so that the challenges of disease seeds are reduced and chickens are safer. Cleaning the cage must be done thoroughly, ranging from washing the cage, equipment, spending\u00a0litter<\/em>\u00a0and feces, up to calcification, and disinfection.In the making\u00a0chick guard\u00a0<\/em>(chicken bulkhead), breeders are recommended to use zinc and formed into a circle or ellipse. For extents\u00a0chick guard<\/em>, can be adapted to the DOC population to be maintained. Per 1 m2 can accommodate 50-60 DOC and one area\u00a0chick guard<\/em>\u00a0no more than 1,000 DOC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Install the heater at an angle of 15\u00b0 which serves to spread the heat evenly over a larger area so that the DOC is spread and reduces the risk of death from jostling. It's a gas stove like\u00a0IGM (Indukan Gas Medion)<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0can be used to heat 750-1000 Doc tail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Carry out a cage break of at least 14 days, starting after all the cleaning and disinfection processes of the cage have been completed. The goal is to break the life cycle of disease seeds optimally so that they do not find hosts (chickens) to grow and pollute the cage. During the rest period of the cage, all cage curtains are closed and limit all activities in the cage and its surroundings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            b. Adequate nutrition and drinking water<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            In the critical period, the faster the chicks consume feed, the faster the digestive organs, immune system, thermoregulation system and skeleton of the Chick's body develop, so the weight standards are quickly achieved. Panda\u00a0et al<\/em>., (2006) reported that chicks that are not given feed and drinking water within 48 hours of hatching, can lose weight by 7.8% of the initial weight. Therefore, when DOC arrives:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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